A dental filling is a restorative dental procedure in which a dentist removes decayed or damaged tooth material and replaces it with a filling material. The filling material is usually made of composite resin, silver amalgam, gold, or porcelain, which is shaped and hardened to match the contours of the existing tooth. Dental fillings are used to treat cavities, cracks, chips, and other minor tooth damage. The purpose of a dental filling is to restore the strength, function, and appearance of the affected tooth, and to prevent further damage or decay. The procedure is typically performed in one appointment, and is relatively quick and painless. The longevity of a dental filling depends on the type of material used and the extent of the damage. Good oral hygiene practices, regular dental check-ups, and a healthy diet can help extend the life of a dental filling.
Types of Dental Fillings
Dental Composite Resin
This type of resin is a tooth-colored material and we often use it for aesthetic purposes. It is made of a mixture of glass or ceramic filler particles and a synthetic resin matrix (usually a type of polymer). We also refer to dental composite fillings as white fillings because we can match them to the color of the natural tooth, making them less noticeable compared to other types of fillings. Lastly, composite resin fillings bond to the tooth structure and are versatile for use in various cavity sizes.
Dental Amalgam
Dental amalgam is a mixture of metals, including liquid mercury, and a powdered alloy composed of silver, tin, and copper. The mixture forms a stable and durable filling material that has been used in dentistry for many decades. We typically do not use this material in our office.
Why fillings may not be best for you
There are several factors that may exclude dental fillings as an option for fixing cavities. Furthermore, alternative dental treatments may be considered. Some of the factors include:
Extensive Tooth Decay
If the cavity is too large or the decay has progressed extensively, a dental filling may not provide enough support and durability to restore the tooth’s functionality. In such cases, we may recommend more extensive treatments like dental crowns or inlays/onlays.
Tooth Fracture
If the tooth is significantly fractured or structurally compromised, a dental filling may not be sufficient to restore its strength. We may recommend dental crowns or veneers instead.
Root Canal Infection
When a cavity has progressed to the point of infecting the tooth’s pulp (inner soft tissue containing nerves and blood vessels), a simple filling won’t be enough. Root canal therapy might be necessary to clean and seal the infected area.
Insufficient Tooth Structure
If the dentist does not think there is enough healthy tooth structure remaining to support a filling, we may explore other options like dental implants or bridges.
Gum Disease
Advanced gum disease or periodontitis can lead to significant gum recession and bone loss around the affected tooth. In such cases, alternative treatments might be necessary to address the gum disease first before considering a filling.
Allergy or Sensitivity
Some individuals might have allergies or sensitivities to certain dental filling materials. In such cases, we may use alternative materials or explore other treatment options.
Impacted Wisdom Teeth
If the cavity is located on an impacted wisdom tooth or a tooth that is causing complications, removing the tooth might be the best course of action.
Patient Preference
In some cases, patients may prefer alternative treatments for personal or cosmetic reasons, even if a dental filling is a viable option.
It’s essential to note that the choice of filling material may depend on factors such as the size and location of the cavity, the patient’s preferences, and the dentist’s professional judgment. Always consult with a qualified dentist to determine the most appropriate type of filling for your specific dental needs.